Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 1.8 in a developed country suggests:
A. Fertility is increasing
B. Population will grow rapidly
C. Migration is the only growth source
D. Population is below replacement level
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Replacement-level TFR is ~2.1 in low-mortality settings; TFR=1.8 indicates each generation of women has fewer daughters than needed for replacement, leading to eventual population decline without immigration.
Assertion (A): Primary data collection is generally more time-consuming than secondary data collection. Reason (R): Primary data requires designing instruments, sampling, and fieldwork, whereas secondary data is readily available.
A.A is true but R is false
B.A is false but R is true
C.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
D.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
Primary data collection involves extensive planning, instrument design, sampling, and field execution, making it inherently more time-intensive than accessing pre-existing secondary data.
Explanation:
Real income = Nominal income / Price index. To keep real income constant when prices rise 10% (index ×1.10), nominal income must also rise 10% (×1.10), so the ratio remains unchanged.
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