Who discovered the fundamental principle of chemical thermodynamics relating free energy, enthalpy, and entropy? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Who discovered the fundamental principle of chemical thermodynamics relating free energy, enthalpy, and entropy?

A. Sadi Carnot

B. James Joule

C. Josiah Willard Gibbs

D. Lord Kelvin

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Josiah Willard Gibbs formulated Gibbs Free Energy ($G = H - TS$), establishing mathematical precision within physical chemistry.

This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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Question #1

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The structure of benzene ring ($C_6H_6$) was discovered by which chemist?

A. Friedrich August Kekulé

B. Robert Boyle

C. Antoine Lavoisier

D. Dmitri Mendeleev

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Friedrich August Kekulé discovered the ring structure of benzene after famously having a daydream of a snake biting its own tail.

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Question #2

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The invention of the mechanical printing press was dramatically optimized by Gutenberg using an alloy of which metals?

A. Gold and Silver

B. Copper and Zinc

C. Iron and Carbon

D. Lead, Tin, and Antimony

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Gutenberg formulated a specialized type metal alloy that melted at low temperatures but resisted high casting pressures.

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Question #3

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Who invented the first operational stethoscope in 1816?

A. Louis Pasteur

B. Joseph Lister

C. Edward Jenner

D. René Laennec

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
René Laennec invented the acoustic stethoscope because he felt uncomfortable placing his ear directly on female patients' chests.

This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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