Who discovered the law of thermal radiation stating that emissivity equals absorptivity at thermal equilibrium? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Who discovered the law of thermal radiation stating that emissivity equals absorptivity at thermal equilibrium?

A. Gustav Kirchhoff

B. Max Planck

C. Josef Stefan

D. Wilhelm Wien

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Gustav Kirchhoff formulated Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Radiation in 1859, standardizing spectroscopy and thermodynamic modeling.

This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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Question #1

Who invented the mercury thermometer in 1714?

A. Lord Kelvin

B. Galileo Galilei

C. Anders Celsius

D. Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the mercury-in-glass thermometer in 1714 and developed the Fahrenheit scale.

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Question #2

Who discovered that gases diffuse at specific rates relative to temperature variations, formalizing the Charles's Law?

A. Robert Boyle

B. Jacques Charles and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

C. John Dalton

D. Amadeo Avogadro

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Jacques Charles collected gas expansion data in the 1780s, which Gay-Lussac later published as a direct linear volume-temperature relation.

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Question #3

The invention of the common digital computer operating memory layout known as the Virtual Memory system was pioneered where?

A. University of Manchester on the Atlas computer project

B. Xerox PARC

C. Stanford University

D. IBM Laboratories

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Atlas computing development team implemented structural hardware address translation systems in 1959 to pool core and drum memories.

This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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