A mixture of two immiscible liquids can be separated by:
A. Centrifugation
B. Simple distillation
C. Fractional distillation
D. Separating funnel
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Immiscible liquids (e.g., oil and water) form separate layers. A separating funnel is used to draw off the denser liquid from the bottom. Distillation methods are used for miscible liquids. Centrifugation separates solids from liquids or liquids of different densities in a mixture but not for two immiscible liquids efficiently in a lab; a separating funnel is simpler.
Explanation:
Detergents (e.g., sulfonates) do not precipitate with Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺, so they lather well in hard water. Soaps form insoluble scum. This is a major advantage.
Explanation:
Isotopes have identical atomic numbers (number of protons) but different mass numbers due to different numbers of neutrons. They have similar chemical properties but different physical properties like mass and density. Example: ¹²C and ¹⁴C, both have 6 protons.
Explanation:
To name this alkane, find the longest continuous carbon chain, which has 4 carbons (butane). Number the chain from the end closest to the substituent to give it the lowest possible number. The methyl group is on the second carbon. Thus, the IUPAC name is 2-methylbutane. Isopentane is its common name.
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