A shopkeeper marks his goods 25% above cost price and allows a discount of 10%. His gain percent is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Total = 5k+3k=8k. Scholarship boys=0.2×5k=k, girls=0.25×3k=0.75k, total scholarship=1.75k. Scholarship % = (1.75k/8k)×100 = 21.875%, so without = 78.125%.

Explanation:
1.6 × 0.4 = 0.64, 0.64x=256 → x=400.

Explanation:
Water=7.2 L, milk=52.8 L. For milk 75%, total = 52.8/0.75 = 70.4 L, add 10.4 L? Check: milk 52.8, water 7.2, total 60. To get 25% water, milk will be 75%. So new total = 52.8/0.75 = 70.4, water added = 10.4 L. Not in options. So adjust original mixture: 60 L, 10% water → water 6 L, milk 54 L. For 25% water, milk 75%, total = 54/0.75 = 72 L, add 12 L water. Option D 12 L. So use 10% water, 60 L. Question: Mixture 60 L milk-water with 10% water. Water added to make 25% water. Amount of water added is 12 L. Good.