Acid rain is primarily caused by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Acid rain is primarily caused by:

A. SO₂ and NOₓ

B. NH₃

C. O₂ and N₂

D. CO₂ only

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

SO₂ from burning coal and NOₓ from vehicles form H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ in rain. CO₂ forms weak carbonic acid (normal rain pH ~5.6). Ammonia is basic and neutralizes acidity.

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Question #1

Washing soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O) is obtained from sodium carbonate by:

A. Adding acid

B. Electrolysis

C. Crystallisation from its aqueous solution

D. Heating

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Sodium carbonate decahydrate (washing soda) is prepared by dissolving soda ash (anhydrous Na₂CO₃) in water and allowing it to crystallise. Heating would remove water of crystallization (efflorescence). Adding acid would decompose it. Electrolysis would produce NaOH and Cl₂ from brine, not washing soda directly.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry

Question #2

Eutrophication in water bodies is primarily caused by an excess of:

A. Dissolved oxygen

B. Radioactive isotopes

C. Nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus

D. Heavy metals

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Eutrophication is the excessive richness of nutrients (mainly nitrates and phosphates from fertilizers and sewage) in a lake or other body of water. This causes a dense growth of plant life (algal blooms) and depletion of oxygen, killing aquatic animals and disrupting the ecosystem.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry

Question #3

Sulphuric acid is produced by Contact process. The raw materials are:

A. NaCl, H₂O

B. S or FeS₂, air, water

C. CaCO₃, HCl

D. NH₃, air, water

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Contact process: Sulfur or pyrite (FeS₂) is burned in air to form SO₂, then SO₂ is oxidized with O₂ over V₂O₅ catalyst to SO₃, which is absorbed in concentrated H₂SO₄ to produce oleum, then diluted to get H₂SO₄. Raw materials: sulfur (or pyrite), air, and water (for dilution). Not NaCl or NH₃.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry

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