An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. For example, sodium amalgam (used as reducing agent), zinc amalgam (for Clemmensen reduction), and dental amalgam (mercury-silver-tin-copper). Most metals dissolve in mercury, forming amalgams, except iron and platinum. Amalgams can be liquid or solid depending on proportion. Used in gold extraction.
Explanation:
Reverse osmosis (RO) uses pressure to force water through a membrane that blocks dissolved salts and impurities. Distillation uses boiling/condensation. Chlorination and ozonation are disinfection methods, not for desalination.
Explanation:
The long hydrocarbon chain (tail) of soap is non-polar and hydrophobic, so it dissolves into the oily/greasy dirt particle. The ionic head (hydrophilic) remains in the water. This forms a micelle around the dirt, emulsifying it and allowing it to be washed away. The tail-dirt interaction is via van der Waals forces.
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