Explanation:
Bauxite (Al₂O₃·2H₂O) is the principal ore of aluminium. Haematite is Fe₂O₃, galena is PbS, cinnabar is HgS. Bauxite is refined by Bayer's process to produce alumina, then electrolytically reduced (Hall-Héroult process).
Explanation:
The carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest covalent bonds, making PTFE resistant to attack by chemicals and heat. The fluorine atoms also shield the carbon backbone.
Explanation:
Boiling precipitates Ca/Mg bicarbonates as carbonates, removing temporary hardness. It does not remove permanent hardness (sulfates/chlorides). It kills microbes but does not remove dissolved salts.
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