Explanation:
Pre-testing a questionnaire with a small pilot group helps detect unclear wording, logical flaws, or response issues, ensuring the instrument is valid and reliable for the main survey.
Explanation:
GRR = Σ (ASFR for female births only) × 5 (for 5-year age groups), measuring the average number of daughters a woman would have, focusing on female offspring for generational replacement analysis.
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