In the modern periodic table, elements in the same group have the same: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

In the modern periodic table, elements in the same group have the same:
A. Number of isotopes
B. Atomic mass
C. Number of valence electrons
D. Number of electron shells
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Elements in the same group (vertical column) have the same number of valence electrons, resulting in similar chemical properties. For example, all Group 1 elements have 1 valence electron (ns¹). The number of shells increases down the group. Atomic mass varies. This similarity was the basis for Mendeleev's grouping. Modern table uses atomic number for ordering.

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Practice More chemistry Questions

Question #1
Which of the following processes involves a chemical change?
A. Magnetization of iron
B. Boiling of water
C. Fermentation of sugar
D. Melting of ice

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Fermentation of sugar (glucose) by yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide—new substances are formed, so it's a chemical change. Melting, boiling are physical state changes. Magnetization aligns domains but does not change chemical composition. Chemical changes involve breaking and forming of bonds. Indicators: gas evolution, color change, heat, precipitate.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #2
The alcohol used in antifreeze is:
A. Methanol
B. Ethylene glycol
C. Ethanol
D. Glycerol

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol) is the main component of antifreeze, lowering the freezing point of water. Methanol is toxic, ethanol can be used but evaporates, glycerol is viscous. Ethylene glycol is poisonous if ingested. Propylene glycol is a safer alternative.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #3
Urea is produced by the reaction of ammonia with:
A. Nitric acid
B. Sulfuric acid
C. Phosphoric acid
D. Carbon dioxide

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Urea is synthesized by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide under high pressure and temperature: 2NH₃ + CO₂ → NH₂COONH₄ (ammonium carbamate) → (NH₂)₂CO + H₂O. This is the Bosch-Meiser urea process. It is the most concentrated solid nitrogenous fertilizer. Urea is also used in animal feed, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry