Life expectancy at birth increased from 60 to 65 years. This indicates:
A. A newborn today is expected to live 5 years longer on average than a newborn in the past, assuming current mortality rates
B. Everyone will live 5 years longer
C. Mortality has decreased only for the elderly
D. The oldest person will live to 65
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Life expectancy is a period measure reflecting current mortality conditions; an increase means improved survival across ages, raising the average projected lifespan for new births under present rates.
Assertion (A): Direct personal investigation is always the most suitable method for data collection. Reason (R): It provides original and highly accurate data.
A.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
B.A is true, but R is false
C.A is false, but R is true
D.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): Association between attributes does not imply causation. Reason (R): Two attributes may be associated due to a third confounding variable or chance.
A.A is false but R is true
B.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
C.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
Statistical association indicates a relationship but not causality; confounding factors or random variation can create spurious associations, necessitating careful interpretation beyond correlation.
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