Statement: Those hilly areas will be declared backward where forest area does not exist.
Conclusions:
I. Hilly forest areas are not backward.
II. In backward areas hills are without forest.
Explanation:
Conclusion I follows: if a hilly area lacks forest, it is declared backward; therefore, hilly areas with forest are not declared backward. Conclusion II does not follow because the statement only defines a condition for declaring backwardness, not that all backward areas are hilly and without forest.
Statement:
The meteorology department has predicted heavy rainfall and thunderstorms for the next 48 hours.
Conclusions:
I. Citizens should carry umbrellas when going out.
II. Flights might get delayed or cancelled.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
Both conclusions are logical inferences based on the prediction of severe weather. Carrying an umbrella is a logical precaution, and severe thunderstorms logically impact aviation schedules.
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