Statement: If you work hard, you will pass. Conclusions: I. You passed, therefore you worked hard. II. You did not work hard, therefore you did not pass. MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Statement: If you work hard, you will pass. Conclusions: I. You passed, therefore you worked hard. II. You did not work hard, therefore you did not pass.
A. Only II follows
B. Both I and II follow
C. Only I follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
This is a conditional statement. I is affirming the consequent (fallacy). II is denying the antecedent (fallacy). Neither follows logically.
Statement:
If India wins the match, a public holiday will be declared.
Conclusions:
I. India won the match, so a public holiday was declared.
II. A public holiday was declared, so India must have won the match.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow from the given rule?
Explanation:
The statement represents 'If A then B' (A implies B). Therefore, if A happens, B definitely happens (Conclusion I). However, B could happen for other reasons (e.g., a festival), so B does not necessarily imply A (Conclusion II is a logical fallacy known as affirming the consequent).
Statement:
Only good singers are invited to the conference. Voice is a good singer.
Conclusions:
I. Voice is invited to the conference.
II. All invited people are good singers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
The statement says 'only good singers are invited', which translates to 'All invited people are good singers' (II follows). However, it does not say *all* good singers are invited. Voice is a good singer, but might not be invited. Thus, I does not strictly follow.
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