Statement: The literacy rate in the state has increased by 15% over the last decade due to government initiatives. Conclusions: I. The government's initiatives were effective in promoting education. II. The state had a very low literacy rate ten years ago. Which conclusion(s) logically follow? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Statement:
The literacy rate in the state has increased by 15% over the last decade due to government initiatives.
Conclusions:
I. The government's initiatives were effective in promoting education.
II. The state had a very low literacy rate ten years ago.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Neither I nor II follows
D. Both I and II follow
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The statement directly attributes the increase to government initiatives, meaning they were effective (I). However, an increase of 15% doesn't tell us the starting point; it could have increased from 70% to 85%, which is not 'very low'. Thus, II does not follow.
Statements:
1. All actors are handsome.
2. John is handsome.
Conclusions:
I. John is an actor.
II. John is not an actor.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
John is in the 'handsome' category, but we do not know if he is inside the 'actor' sub-category or outside it. Therefore, neither is definite. However, since he must either be an actor or not an actor, the 'either/or' condition applies.
Statement:
If India wins the match, a public holiday will be declared.
Conclusions:
I. India won the match, so a public holiday was declared.
II. A public holiday was declared, so India must have won the match.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow from the given rule?
Explanation:
The statement represents 'If A then B' (A implies B). Therefore, if A happens, B definitely happens (Conclusion I). However, B could happen for other reasons (e.g., a festival), so B does not necessarily imply A (Conclusion II is a logical fallacy known as affirming the consequent).
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