Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) was historically called oil of vitriol. Hydrochloric acid was muriatic acid, nitric acid was aqua fortis, carbolic acid is phenol.
Explanation:
Chlorine acts as a disinfectant, killing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, making water safe for drinking. It forms hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in water which is a strong oxidizing agent. Sedimentation and filtration remove suspended particles. Taste may be affected if excess chlorine or by-products form. Chlorine residual protects water in distribution pipes.
Explanation:
Cobalt-60 is a radioactive isotope that emits strong gamma radiation. It is widely used in radiotherapy to treat various types of cancers, including blood cancers like leukemia. Iodine-131 is used for thyroid disorders, Carbon-14 for radiocarbon dating, and Sodium-24 for detecting blood clots.
Explanation:
Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning. It was first discovered in Minamata city, Japan, due to the release of methylmercury in industrial wastewater from a chemical factory, which bioaccumulated in fish and shellfish consumed by the local population.
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