Sulphuric acid is manufactured by Contact process. Which reaction involves the catalyst?
A. SO₂ + O₂ → SO₃
B. SO₃ + H₂SO₄ → H₂S₂O₇
C. H₂S₂O₇ + H₂O → 2H₂SO₄
D. S + O₂ → SO₂
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
In the Contact process, the key catalytic step is oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃ using V₂O₅ (vanadium pentoxide) catalyst at 450°C: 2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃. Sulfur burning is non-catalytic. The SO₃ is absorbed in 98% H₂SO₄ to form oleum (H₂S₂O₇), then diluted to get concentrated H₂SO₄. Direct dissolution of SO₃ in water is avoided due to mist formation.
Explanation:
Teflon (PTFE) has low friction and high heat stability, ideal for non-stick coatings. PVC for pipes; polystyrene for packaging; nylon for fibers.
Explanation:
Rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass (Graham's law). Lighter gases diffuse faster. Molar masses: NH₃ = 17, N₂ = 28, O₂ = 32, CO₂ = 44 g/mol. Therefore NH₃ has the lowest molar mass and diffuses fastest. This law also explains why the smell of perfume spreads quickly. NH₃ is lighter than air and would rise.
Explanation:
Nitric acid is a strong mineral acid with the chemical formula HNO₃. It is also known as aqua fortis. HCl is hydrochloric acid, H₂SO₄ is sulfuric acid, and H₃PO₄ is phosphoric acid. Nitric acid is widely used in fertilizers and explosives.
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