The element with the highest electronegativity in the periodic table is:
A. Oxygen
B. Fluorine
C. Chlorine
D. Nitrogen
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond. It increases across a period and decreases down a group. Fluorine, located at the top right of the periodic table (Group 17, Period 2), has the smallest atomic radius and highest effective nuclear charge, giving it the highest electronegativity (3.98 on Pauling scale).
Explanation:
Ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) and dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃) have the same molecular formula C₂H₆O but different functional groups: alcohol (-OH) vs ether (-O-). This is functional group isomerism. Ethanal is C₂H₄O, acetic acid C₂H₄O₂. Methoxymethane is another name for dimethyl ether. Functional isomers exhibit different chemical properties; ethanol reacts with Na, ether does not.
Explanation:
Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid into a liquid at atmospheric pressure and its melting point, without any change in temperature. Option B describes latent heat of vaporization, while C describes specific heat capacity.
Explanation:
The diagonal relationship occurs when elements in the second period resemble elements in the third period of the next group due to similar ionic sizes and charge-to-radius ratios (polarizing power). Li-Mg, Be-Al, and B-Si are all classic examples of this phenomenon.
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