Explanation:
According to Boyle's Law (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂), pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature. If the volume is doubled (V₂ = 2V₁), the pressure must be halved (P₂ = P₁/2) to keep the product constant. This demonstrates the inverse relationship between P and V.
Explanation:
Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge. Neon (noble gas) has the highest ionization energy in period 2 because of its stable filled octet (2s²2p⁶). Removing an electron requires enormous energy. Fluorine is next highest. Lithium has lowest. Noble gases have very high IE values, making them inert.
Explanation:
Isobars are atoms of different elements with the same mass number but different atomic numbers. ⁴⁰Ar (atomic number 18) and ⁴⁰Ca (atomic number 20) both have mass number 40. Options A and D are isotopes (same element, different mass number). Option C are isotopes of hydrogen. Isobars have different chemical properties because of different proton numbers. Example: ¹⁴C and ¹⁴N.
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