Explanation:
The endogenous-money approach argues that the quantity of money is determined by the demand for loans and the willingness of banks to extend credit, with the central bank mainly setting the price of reserves rather than the quantity of base money.
Explanation:
The Guidotti-Greenspan rule is a rule of thumb recommending that emerging-market countries hold foreign-exchange reserves at least equal to their short-term external debt in order to reduce vulnerability to sudden stops.
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