Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) primarily consists of butane (C₄H₁₀) and isobutane, with some propane. For domestic use, it is often a mix of butane and propane. Methane is the main component of CNG and natural gas, which require different storage pressures and infrastructure.
Explanation:
Phenolphthalein is a synthetic acid-base indicator, organic compound prepared in the lab. Litmus is a natural dye from lichens. Turmeric is a natural indicator (yellow in acid, reddish brown in base). Red cabbage juice is natural. Synthetic indicators are often used in titrations: methyl orange, phenolphthalein.
Explanation:
Diamond is the hardest known natural material due to its rigid three-dimensional network of covalent bonds with sp³ hybridization, forming a tetrahedral structure. Graphite is soft and slippery because of its layered structure with weak van der Waals forces between layers. Coal is an amorphous form of carbon. Diamond is used in cutting, drilling, and jewelry. Mohs hardness of diamond is 10.
Explanation:
John Dalton formulated the law of multiple proportions: If two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in ratios of small whole numbers. Lavoisier gave law of conservation of mass. Proust gave law of definite proportions. Dalton's atomic theory explained these laws.
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