The process used for the manufacture of ammonia is:
A. Haber's process
B. Contact process
C. Solvay process
D. Ostwald's process
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Ammonia (NH₃) is manufactured by the Haber process, which involves the direct combination of nitrogen and hydrogen gases at high pressure (200 atm) and moderate temperature (450°C) in the presence of an iron catalyst. The Contact process is for sulfuric acid, and Ostwald's is for nitric acid.
Explanation:
Natural soap molecules have straight-chain fatty acid salts that are easily broken down by microorganisms through β-oxidation. This makes them biodegradable. Some synthetic detergents with branched chains are non-biodegradable and cause pollution. Linearity allows enzymes to act. Aromatic and fluorinated compounds resist biodegradation.
Explanation:
Greenhouse gases absorb outgoing infrared radiation from Earth, trapping heat and warming the atmosphere. Ozone absorbs UV; global warming is primarily IR.
Explanation:
Gay-Lussac's law states that at constant volume, the pressure of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. P ∝ T, so P/T = constant. This is used in pressure cookers and autoclaves.
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