Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. The simplest alkene is ethene (C₂H₄). Methane is an alkane; ethane is an alkane; propyne is an alkyne. General formula for alkenes: CₙH₂ₙ.
Explanation:
John Dalton formulated the law of multiple proportions: If two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in ratios of small whole numbers. Lavoisier gave law of conservation of mass. Proust gave law of definite proportions. Dalton's atomic theory explained these laws.
Explanation:
Two or more substances combine to form a single product: N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃. This is a combination (synthesis) reaction. Decomposition involves a single compound breaking down. Displacement: one element displaces another. Double displacement: exchange of ions. The Haber process for ammonia is also a redox and reversible reaction. Combination can be exothermic.
Explanation:
Acid rain results from SO₂ and NOₓ (oxides of nitrogen) dissolving in water vapor to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These are released from burning fossil fuels and industrial processes. Carbon dioxide forms weak carbonic acid (normal rain pH ~5.6), but SO₂ and NOₓ cause pH below 5.0.
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