Which of the following compounds contains both ionic and covalent bonds?
A. NH4Cl
B. AlCl3
C. K2O
D. MgCl2
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) consists of the ammonium ion (NH4+) and the chloride ion (Cl-). The bond between NH4+ and Cl- is ionic. However, within the ammonium ion itself, the nitrogen atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms via covalent bonds (three normal and one coordinate). Thus, it contains both.
Explanation:
Washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate, with the chemical formula Na₂CO₃·10H₂O. Sodium bicarbonate is baking soda (NaHCO₃). Sodium hydroxide is caustic soda (NaOH), and sodium chloride is common table salt (NaCl). Washing soda is used for cleaning and water softening.
Explanation:
The p-block includes elements from groups 13 to 18. Gallium (Group 13), Tin (Group 14), and Bismuth (Group 15) are all p-block elements. Zinc (Group 12) has a completely filled d-subshell (3d10) in its ground state and common oxidation states, placing it in the d-block.
Explanation:
Gastric juice in the stomach contains hydrochloric acid (HCl) which aids digestion and kills bacteria. Orange juice contains citric acid, vinegar acetic acid, milk lactic acid (from fermentation). The pH of stomach acid is around 1-2.
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