Which of the following compounds is electron-deficient?
A. H₂O
B. CH₄
C. BF₃
D. NH₃
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
In BF₃, boron has 3 valence electrons and forms 3 covalent bonds with fluorine, resulting in only 6 electrons in its valence shell. It does not complete its octet, making it an electron-deficient molecule and a strong Lewis acid. NH₃, H₂O, and CH₄ all have complete octets.
Explanation:
Across period 3, S (Z=16) to Cl (Z=17) nuclear charge increases, attracting electron cloud more strongly, reducing atomic radius. Number of shells is same (3).
Explanation:
The acidic behavior of HCl is due to the presence of H⁺ (or H₃O⁺) ions, which are generated only when it dissolves in water. Without moisture, HCl doesn't dissociate to produce H⁺, so it doesn't change the color of dry litmus. Both statements are correct and R explains A.
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