A gel is a type of colloid where the dispersed phase is a liquid and the dispersed medium is a solid. Cheese, butter, and jellies are classic examples of gels. Milk is an emulsion (liquid in liquid), while fog and smoke are aerosols.
Explanation:
Distilled water is a pure compound (H₂O) with a fixed composition and distinct properties. Milk is a colloid of fat, protein, etc. Air is a homogeneous mixture of gases. Sea water is a solution of salts. Pure substances are either elements or compounds; mixtures contain two or more substances physically combined. Distillation removes dissolved salts and impurities.
Explanation:
The chief impurity in iron ores (hematite, magnetite) is silica (SiO₂), which is acidic gangue. In the blast furnace, limestone (CaCO₃) is added as flux; it decomposes to CaO, which combines with silica to form fusible calcium silicate slag: CaO + SiO₂ → CaSiO₃. This slag floats on molten iron and is removed. Alumina may also be present but silica is the primary impurity.
Explanation:
Copper pyrites (CuFeS₂) is a sulfide ore, concentrated by froth flotation using pine oil and water. Then roasting, smelting, and refining.
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