Which of the following is an example of a synthetic detergent? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The element with atomic number 17 is Chlorine. Its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7. It has 3 shells, so it is in Period 3. It has 7 valence electrons, so it belongs to Group 17 (10 + 7 = 17 in modern IUPAC notation) along with fluorine, bromine, and iodine.

Explanation:
Fractional distillation is used when the boiling points differ by less than 25 K. A fractionating column provides repeated condensation–vaporization cycles, improving separation. Example: separation of petrol, kerosene from crude oil. Simple distillation works if difference > 25 K. Separating funnel separates immiscible liquids. Crystallization purifies solids. Exam note: Fractionating column packed with glass beads increases surface area.

Explanation:
Use Charles' law: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂. T in Kelvin: T₁ = 27+273 = 300 K, T₂ = 327+273 = 600 K. V₂/V₁ = T₂/T₁ = 600/300 = 2. Volume doubles. The ratio is 2:1. Note that 27 to 327 is a 300°C increase, but absolute temperature doubles.