Sodium displaces hydrogen from water, a single displacement reaction. It is also a redox reaction (Na oxidized, H⁺ reduced). Not combination (one product), not decomposition (one reactant), not double displacement.
Explanation:
Polythene (polyethylene) softens on heating and can be remolded, thus thermoplastic. Bakelite and melamine are thermosetting (cannot be remolded). Vulcanized rubber is also thermoset due to cross-linking. Thermoplastics have linear or branched chains, no cross-links.
Explanation:
Methyl orange is red at pH < 3.1 and yellow at pH > 4.4. Litmus: red in acid, blue in base. Phenolphthalein: colorless in acid, pink in base. Turmeric: yellow in acid, reddish-brown in base.
Explanation:
In the sulfate ion (SO4 2-), the central sulfur atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms with no lone pairs on the sulfur. The steric number is 4 (4 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs). A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp3 hybridization, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry.
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