Who discovered that certain elements change identities through radioactive transmutation, establishing the laws of radioactive decay? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Who discovered that certain elements change identities through radioactive transmutation, establishing the laws of radioactive decay?
A. Marie Curie
B. Otto Hahn
C. Ernest Rutherford and Frederick Soddy
D. Henri Becquerel
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Rutherford and Soddy formulated the decay transformation principles, proving elements naturally break down into different elements.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
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Question #1
Who discovered the law of thermal radiation stating that emissivity equals absorptivity at thermal equilibrium?
A. Wilhelm Wien
B. Josef Stefan
C. Max Planck
D. Gustav Kirchhoff
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Gustav Kirchhoff formulated Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Radiation in 1859, standardizing spectroscopy and thermodynamic modeling.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #2
The cosmic microwave background radiation, confirming the Big Bang theory, was discovered by whom?
A. Stephen Hawking
B. Albert Einstein
C. Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
D. Edwin Hubble
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson accidentally discovered cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, winning a Nobel Prize.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #3
The chemical element Oxygen was independently discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and which other English scientist?
A. John Dalton
B. Henry Cavendish
C. Humphry Davy
D. Joseph Priestley
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774 and published his findings first, though Scheele had isolated it earlier.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
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