Who discovered that stable elements possess unique integer identifiers based on X-ray emission frequencies, restructuring atomic numbers? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Who discovered that stable elements possess unique integer identifiers based on X-ray emission frequencies, restructuring atomic numbers?

A. Dmitri Mendeleev

B. Henry Moseley

C. Ernest Rutherford

D. J.J. Thomson

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Moseley proved that ordering chemical elements by nuclear charge (atomic number) resolved inconsistencies in Mendeleev's mass-ordered layout.

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Who discovered that light waves can be deflected and focused by intense gravitational fields, a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing?

A. Arthur Eddington

B. Edwin Hubble

C. Isaac Newton

D. Albert Einstein

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Albert Einstein predicted gravitational lensing under his General Theory of Relativity, which was later observed observationally.

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Question #2

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Who discovered that the chemical element Iodine is isolated from seaweed ash matrices?

A. Humphry Davy

B. Antoine Lavoisier

C. Bernard Courtois

D. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Bernard Courtois isolated violet iodine vapors accidentally in 1811 while adding excess sulfuric acid to seaweed extract solutions.

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Question #3

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The invention of the mercury barometric tube directly led to the recognition of what physical condition?

A. Hydrostatic paradox

B. Vacuum

C. Capillary action

D. Absolute humidity

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Torricelli's barometer left an empty space at the top of the glass tube, creating the first recognized sustained artificial vacuum.

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