Solar cell (photovoltaic cell) converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor p-n junction. No heat involved. Battery converts chemical to electrical. Thermocouple heat to electrical. Solar energy is renewable.
Explanation:
Surface tension = force/length. Force dimensions [MLT⁻²], length [L], so [MLT⁻²]/[L] = [MT⁻²]. Also energy per area gives same dimensions: [ML²T⁻²]/[L²] = [MT⁻²].
A block of mass 10 kg is accelerating at 2 m/s^2 on a horizontal surface under an applied force of 50 N. What is the magnitude of the frictional force opposing its motion?
Explanation:
According to Newton's Second Law, the net force on the block is F_net = mass * acceleration = 10 kg * 2 m/s^2 = 20 N. The net force is the difference between the applied forward force and the opposing frictional force (F_net = F_applied - F_friction). So, 20 N = 50 N - F_friction. Solving for friction gives F_friction = 50 - 20 = 30 N.
Which combination of logic gates is universally known as a 'Universal Gate' because it can be used to construct any other basic logic gate (AND, OR, NOT)?
Explanation:
NAND (NOT-AND) and NOR (NOT-OR) gates are called Universal Gates in digital electronics. By cleverly combining multiple NAND gates (or multiple NOR gates) together, one can perfectly replicate the logical function of any basic gate (NOT, AND, OR) without needing the actual basic gates themselves.
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