Explanation:
The thermal efficiency (η) of a reversible Carnot engine depends exclusively on the absolute temperatures of the hot source (T1) and the cold sink (T2). The formula is η = 1 - (T2/T1), or (T1 - T2) / T1. Temperatures must be in Kelvin. It shows no engine can be 100% efficient unless the sink is at absolute zero.
Explanation:
Constant velocity implies zero acceleration, net force = 0 by Newton's first law. Engine force balances friction and air resistance. Net force zero, not necessarily zero forces.
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