According to Graham's law, the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its:
A. Temperature
B. Density (or molar mass)
C. Volume
D. Pressure
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Graham's law: r ∝ 1/√M (molar mass). At same T,P, rate inversely proportional to square root of density. Lighter gases diffuse faster. Used in uranium enrichment (UF₆).
Explanation:
The salt bridge (often KCl-agar) allows ion migration to maintain electrical neutrality in half-cells, completing the circuit. It prevents direct mixing of electrolytes.
Explanation:
Pencil 'lead' is a mixture of graphite and clay. Graphite's layered structure allows it to leave marks on paper. Diamond is too hard and would tear paper. Fullerene is a nanomaterial, not for writing. Charcoal is used for drawing but not pencils.
Explanation:
Cathode (negative electrode): 2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ + 2OH⁻ (or 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂). Hydrogen gas is collected at the cathode. At the anode, oxygen is produced: 2H₂O → O₂ + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻. The volume of H₂ is double that of O₂.
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