Ammonia is used in the manufacture of which fertilizer?
A. Gypsum
B. Urea
C. Superphosphate
D. Potassium sulfate
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Ammonia reacts with CO₂ to produce urea: 2NH₃ + CO₂ → NH₂COONH₄ → (NH₂)₂CO + H₂O. It is also used to make ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, DAP, etc. Superphosphate is made by treating rock phosphate with sulfuric acid; no ammonia. Gypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O. Potassium sulfate is K₂SO₄. Ammonia is a key intermediate in nitrogenous fertilizers.
Explanation:
Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of a heavy atom (like Uranium-235 or Plutonium-239) splits into two or smaller, lighter nuclei when bombarded by a neutron, releasing a massive amount of energy and more neutrons, potentially causing a chain reaction.
Explanation:
Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896 while studying uranium salts. Marie and Pierre Curie further investigated radioactive elements. Rutherford studied alpha/beta radiation.
Explanation:
Smelting involves heating the concentrated ore (often after roasting/calcination) with a reducing agent (like coke, CO) to reduce the metal oxide to the metal. For example, iron ore is smelted in a blast furnace. Roasting heats sulfide ores in air; calcination heats carbonate ores in absence of air; leaching dissolves out the metal.
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