An electron and a proton are accelerated through the exact same potential difference. Which particle will acquire a greater kinetic energy? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
An electron and a proton are accelerated through the exact same potential difference. Which particle will acquire a greater kinetic energy?
A. The electron
B. Depends on their initial velocities
C. The proton
D. Both will acquire the exact same kinetic energy
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The work done by the electric field on a charged particle is completely converted into kinetic energy. Work = q * V, where q is the magnitude of the charge and V is the potential difference. Since both an electron and a proton have the exact same magnitude of charge (e = 1.6 x 10^-19 C), they acquire identical kinetic energy (eV).
Explanation:
Newton's third law states: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. These forces act on two different interacting bodies, hence they never cancel each other as they don't act on the same body. They can act at a distance (e.g., gravitational forces) or through contact. Cancellation of forces occurs only when multiple forces act on a single body. This distinction is crucial for free-body diagram analysis. Exam tip: Always identify which body each force acts upon. Misconception about force cancellation is a common trap in competitive exam questions testing Newton's laws.
Explanation:
Rules: leading zeros not significant; trailing zero after decimal is significant. Digits 4,0,5,0 are significant ⇒ 4 sig figs. Memory tip: 'Start at first non-zero; include trailing zeros after decimal'. Measurement precision concept frequently tested in competitive exams.
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