An ion M³⁺ has 10 electrons and 14 neutrons. The atomic number and mass number of M are:
A. 10 and 27
B. 10 and 24
C. 13 and 24
D. 13 and 27
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The ion M³⁺ has lost 3 electrons, so the neutral atom M has 10 + 3 = 13 electrons. Thus, the atomic number is 13. The mass number is protons + neutrons = 13 + 14 = 27. The element is Aluminum, and the specific isotope is Aluminum-27.
Explanation:
Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons (or an increase in oxidation state). A reducing agent is a substance that donates electrons to another species, thereby causing the other species to be reduced. In doing so, the reducing agent itself gets oxidized. Thus, statement 1 is correct, but 2 is incorrect.
Explanation:
John Dalton formulated the law of multiple proportions: If two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in ratios of small whole numbers. Lavoisier gave law of conservation of mass. Proust gave law of definite proportions. Dalton's atomic theory explained these laws.
Explanation:
Graphite is used in electrodes (due to electrical conductivity) and as a moderator in nuclear reactors (to slow down neutrons). It is chemically stable and can withstand high temperatures. Diamond is an insulator. Fullerene is a nanomaterial. Charcoal is used as adsorbent and fuel. Graphite blocks are used in RBMK reactors (like Chernobyl) and in advanced gas-cooled reactors.
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