Assertion (A): A convex mirror is used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles. Reason (R): A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image, giving a wider field of view. MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Assertion (A): A convex mirror is used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles. Reason (R): A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image, giving a wider field of view.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A is false but R is true.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Convex mirrors bulge outwards, which inherently provides a much wider field of view compared to plane mirrors. Regardless of the object's position, a convex mirror reliably produces virtual, erect, and diminished (smaller) images. This allows a driver to see a large area of the road behind them in a small mirror, making R the exact explanation for A.

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Step-up transformer increases voltage and decreases current proportionally (P = V×I constant ideal). Power constant (ignoring losses). Used in power transmission to reduce I²R losses. Step-down decreases voltage.

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If the error in measurement of radius of a sphere is 2%, the percentage error in the calculated volume of the sphere will be:

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Volume of sphere V = (4/3)πr³. For error propagation, percentage error in V = 3 × (percentage error in r). Given error in r is 2%, so error in V = 3 × 2% = 6%. This follows the power rule: if Q = xⁿ, then % error in Q = |n| × % error in x. This principle is crucial for experimental error analysis. Exam tip: Remember that volume depends on cube of radius, so errors amplify threefold. This type of question tests understanding of error propagation in derived quantities.

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Polarization impossible in:

A. Radio waves

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C. X-rays

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Polarization requires transverse waves. Sound in air is longitudinal (oscillations ∥ propagation) ⇒ cannot be polarized. EM waves (light, radio, X-rays) are transverse ⇒ can be polarized. Memory tip: 'Polarization ⇒ transverse only; sound = longitudinal ⇒ no polarization'. Wave property frequently tested in competitive exams.

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