Calorific value is the heat produced by combustion of unit mass, expressed in energy per mass: kJ/kg, J/g, kcal/kg. Higher CV means better fuel. Determined by bomb calorimeter.
Explanation:
To name this alkane, find the longest continuous carbon chain, which has 4 carbons (butane). Number the chain from the end closest to the substituent to give it the lowest possible number. The methyl group is on the second carbon. Thus, the IUPAC name is 2-methylbutane. Isopentane is its common name.
Assertion (A): A catalyst does not change the equilibrium yield of a reaction. Reason (R): A catalyst speeds up both the forward and backward reactions equally.
A.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B.A is true but R is false.
C.Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
A catalyst lowers the activation energy for both the forward and reverse reactions by the same amount. Therefore, it increases the rates of both reactions equally, allowing the system to reach equilibrium faster, but without changing the final equilibrium concentrations (yield). Both statements are correct and R explains A.
Explanation:
Dalton's atomic theory (1808) provided a framework for the laws of chemical combination—conservation of mass, constant composition, and multiple proportions. The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements form more than one compound, masses of one that combine with fixed mass of the other are in small whole number ratios. Dalton proposed atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds.
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