Operating Systems MCQs

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Operating Systems MCQs

Practice Operating System MCQs covering Windows, Linux, Android, booting, multitasking and multiprocessing concepts with answers and explanations.

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Total Questions

Practice Questions

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Question #141
Which Windows administrative feature creates snapshots of files or folders, allowing users to restore accidentally deleted earlier versions?
A. Device Manager Panel
B. Shadow Copy (Previous Versions)
C. Windows Registry Sync
D. Disk Cleanup
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) creates point-in-time backup copies or snapshots of files, exposed via the 'Previous Versions' context menu.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #142
What is the default process management command used in Linux to change the scheduling priority of an already running process?
A. chmod
B. renice
C. kill
D. nice
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
While 'nice' sets process priority during initial launch, the 'renice' command alters the priority tier of an already active running process ID.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #143
Which Android feature uses a special partition format to store encrypted user credentials separately from application application resources?
A. App Sandbox Permissions
B. File-Based Encryption (FBE)
C. Zygote Isolation Layer
D. Dalvik Cache Allocation
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Modern Android installations leverage File-Based Encryption (FBE) to isolate distinct files with individual keys, securing corporate or user credentials independently.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #144
In operating system concepts, what does 'Belady’s Anomaly' describe?
A. A process scheduling glitch where higher priority threads starve indefinitely.
B. A network protocol lockup scenario.
C. A file allocation bug where small files corrupt the master partition table.
D. A phenomenon where allocating more physical memory frames results in an increase in the number of page faults for certain page reference strings under FIFO replacement.
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Belady's Anomaly shows that for certain page reference streams under the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) replacement scheme, adding page frames increases page faults.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #145
Which Windows terminal application replaces the older command prompt environment to provide advanced object-oriented scripting and automation features?
A. PowerShell
B. Telnet client
C. MS-DOS Prompt
D. Bash Shell
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Windows PowerShell is an advanced task automation and configuration management framework consisting of a command-line shell and scripting language.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #146
Which Linux file directory typically contains all system binary executable files required for basic administration and user operations?
A. /etc
B. /bin
C. /dev
D. /var
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The '/bin' directory stands for binaries and contains fundamental executable command programs like ls, cp, and mv needed across the system.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #147
What does 'Preemptive Multitasking' ensure across system workloads?
A. Applications determine exactly when they give up processor time voluntarily.
B. Hardware operates without an active process scheduler scheduler.
C. The operating system slices execution chunks using hardware clock signals to interrupt running tasks fairly.
D. Only one single system task can execute per computer restart cycle.
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Preemptive multitasking uses hardware timer interrupts to halt running tasks, preventing any single application from locking up the machine.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #148
Which technology allows multiple distinct operating system instances to run simultaneously on a single physical host computer machine?
A. Virtualization (via Hypervisors)
B. Multithreading
C. Spooling
D. Disk Defragmentation
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Virtualization uses a hypervisor abstraction layer to divide physical hardware pools into multiple self-contained Virtual Machines (VMs) running separate operating systems.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #149
What is the primary function of the '/etc' directory in Linux file systems?
A. To contain system-wide text configuration files and startup scripts.
B. To store backup binary drivers.
C. To store temporary cache files.
D. To host user-level multimedia documents.
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The '/etc' directory houses core system-wide configuration files, user data databases, and startup configuration scripts for services.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #150
Which memory layout scheme splits logical program paths into variable-sized units reflecting functional divisions like main functions, objects, or subroutines?
A. Swap Partitioning
B. Segmentation
C. Paging
D. Continuous Block Fitting
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Segmentation divides a program's memory into logical blocks (segments) of varying lengths based on structural program organization.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #151
In Windows, what type of administrative tool is 'Disk Management'?
A. An interface used to initialize, partition, and format local hard drives or solid-state drives.
B. A utility that cleans up web browser cache tracks.
C. An application to modify system registry paths.
D. A framework to analyze network packet drops.
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Disk Management is a Windows system utility that enables users to perform advanced storage operations like creating partitions or changing drive letters.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #152
Which of the following Android components represents a background service without a user interface, designed to perform long-running tasks like fetching web data or playing audio?
A. Broadcast Receiver
B. Content Provider
C. Activity
D. Service
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
An Android 'Service' is an application component designed to handle background tasks (like music playback or network synchronization) without an explicit user interface.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #153
What does an 'Asymmetric Multiprocessing' configuration mean in server deployments?
A. The system runs without an actual kernel module.
B. All processor cores alternate execution every 5 minutes.
C. Processors lack access to physical memory pools completely.
D. One primary processor coordinates the overall system state while subordinate cores accept assigned tasks.
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Asymmetric Multiprocessing divides roles unevenly, making one specific master CPU the administrative core while others act as execution engines.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #154
Which specialized hardware component handles real-time address translation between virtual memory allocations and physical RAM chips?
A. BIOS Chipset
B. Memory Management Unit (MMU)
C. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
D. Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The MMU is a dedicated hardware structure that maps virtual processor memory references to real physical address rails on RAM modules.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #155
Which Linux terminal command can be used to monitor real-time file updates, frequently used to watch system log additions dynamically?
A. tail -f
B. less
C. head
D. cat
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The 'tail' command with the '-f' (follow) option keeps the text stream open, printing new lines to the terminal screen as they are written to the log file.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #156
Which tool or key combination is used in Windows to forcefully bring up the direct Windows Security screen options to lock, log off, or launch Task Manager?
A. Windows Key + L
B. Ctrl + Shift + Esc
C. Ctrl + Alt + Delete
D. Alt + F4
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Pressing Ctrl + Alt + Delete triggers a low-level hardware interrupt that opens the secure Windows options overlay screen.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #157
What does 'Thrashing' indicate in virtual memory system logs?
A. The system is spend overwhelmingly more time handling page swaps than processing actual application operations.
B. The CPU core is overheating due to intense graphic gaming.
C. A network link is heavily saturated with incoming packets.
D. The hard drive is performing a high-speed defragmentation sweep.
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Thrashing signals a severe memory deficit where the OS continuously pages data back and forth from disk, dropping productive execution to near zero.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #158
Which Android component handles receiving and processing system-wide announcements or intents, such as a low battery alert or device boot completion?
A. Broadcast Receiver
B. Content Provider
C. Service
D. Activity
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
A Broadcast Receiver is an Android application component that allows the app to listen for and respond to system-wide or app-issued broadcast messages.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #159
In operating systems, what is the role of a 'Device Driver' layer?
A. To compile source scripts into native application binaries.
B. To balance network load across connected servers.
C. To encapsulate hardware-specific mechanics and expose a uniform interface to the OS kernel.
D. To clean out dusting build-ups on internal motherboard components.
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Device drivers act as direct translation bridges that map generalized operating system resource calls to precise hardware commands.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems
Question #160
Which Linux command changes the file ownership designation from one user account to another?
A. chown
B. passwd
C. chgrp
D. chmod
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The 'chown' command stands for change owner, used by administrators to alter individual user ownership assignments on files or folders.
This question belongs to: Computer Operating Systems

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