Convex lens: object within focal length (u < f) produces virtual, erect, magnified image (magnifying glass). Beyond F: real images. Memory tip: 'Convex lens: u < f ⇒ virtual image; u > f ⇒ real image'. Ray optics concept frequently tested in competitive exams to verify lens image formation rules.
Explanation:
Lactometer is a type of hydrometer used to check purity of milk by measuring specific gravity. Adulteration with water lowers density. It doesn't measure temperature or viscosity directly.
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