Synthetic detergents are primarily sodium salts of long-chain alkyl benzene sulphonic acids or alkyl hydrogen sulphates. Unlike soaps (which are carboxylate salts), detergents do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, making them effective cleansers.
Explanation:
Zinc loses electrons (Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻) and thus is oxidized. The substance that gets oxidized is the reducing agent. Copper sulfate is reduced (Cu²⁺ to Cu) and is the oxidizing agent. The reducing agent donates electrons.
Explanation:
Cobalt-60 emits high-energy gamma rays used in radiotherapy (teletherapy) to treat cancers by damaging DNA of malignant cells. Carbon-14 is used for radiocarbon dating. Americium-241 is used in smoke detectors. Phosphorus-32 is used as tracer. Radiotherapy must be carefully targeted to minimize damage to healthy tissue.
Explanation:
The ignition temperature (or kindling temperature) is the minimum temperature to which a fuel must be heated so that it catches fire and starts burning spontaneously. A lower ignition temperature means the fuel is more highly flammable and can ignite more easily at ambient conditions.
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