Modern History of India MCQs

History GK

Modern History of India MCQs

Practice Modern History of India MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering the advent of Europeans, British rule in India, Governor-Generals and Viceroys, socio-religious reform movements, Revolt of 1857, Indian National Congress, freedom struggle, constitutional developments, important sessions, revolutionary movements, Gandhian era, partition of India and independence. These questions are designed for SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.

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Question #41
Who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom when India achieved independence in August 1947?
A. Clement Attlee
B. Neville Chamberlain
C. Winston Churchill
D. Ramsay MacDonald
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Clement Attlee of the Labour Party was the British Prime Minister when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was approved and enacted.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #42
Who among the following was known as the 'Frontier Gandhi' due to his active role in the non-violent freedom struggle in the Northwest Frontier Province?
A. Liaquat Ali Khan
B. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
C. Maulana Mazharul Haque
D. Dr. M. A. Ansari
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, founder of the Khudai Khidmatgar (Red Shirts) movement, was universally known as 'Frontier Gandhi' or 'Badshah Khan'.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #43
The Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded in 1784 by whom?
A. Jonathan Duncan
B. Max Muller
C. William Jones
D. Warren Hastings
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Sir William Jones, a British jurist and orientalist, founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal in January 1784 to foster Oriental research and study Indian classical history.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #44
Which of the following battles established the factual political supremacy of the British East India Company over Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha?
A. Battle of Plassey (1757)
B. Battle of Wandiwash (1760)
C. Third Battle of Panipat (1761)
D. Battle of Buxar (1764)
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
While Plassey provided a foothold, the Battle of Buxar (1764) against the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daulah, and Shah Alam II definitively confirmed British military superiority.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #45
The Ryotwari system of land revenue collection was primarily implemented in which parts of British India?
A. Madras and Bombay
B. Bengal and Bihar
C. Awadh and Agra
D. Punjab and North-West Provinces
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Ryotwari system, developed by Thomas Munro and Alexander Reed, was instituted mainly in the Madras and Bombay presidencies during the early 19th century.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #46
Who was the author of the famous patriotic play 'Neel Darpan' (1860), which highlighted the plight of indigo farmers in Bengal?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
C. Dinabandhu Mitra
D. Michael Madhusudan Dutt
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Dinabandhu Mitra wrote the powerful play 'Neel Darpan' to bring national attention to the extreme exploitation and brutality inflicted on indigo cultivators by British planters.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #47
The 'Hunter Commission' of 1882 was appointed by Lord Ripon to investigate and recommend reforms in which sector?
A. Education Sector
B. Judicial Reforms
C. Police Administration
D. Land Revenue Settlement
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Hunter Education Commission of 1882, presided over by William Wilson Hunter, was formed to review the progress of education in India since Wood's Despatch of 1854.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #48
Who founded the 'Abhinav Bharat Society', a secret revolutionary organization, in 1904?
A. Barindra Kumar Ghosh
B. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
C. Rash Behari Bose
D. Bhagat Singh
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Damodar Savarkar founded the 'Abhinav Bharat Society' (Young India Society) in 1904 as a secret revolutionary network.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #49
The Swadeshi Movement was formally launched on August 7, 1905, from which venue?
A. Town Hall, Calcutta
B. Anandamath, Dhaka
C. Congress Pandal, Surat
D. Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Swadeshi movement was formally proclaimed on August 7, 1905, at a massive meeting held at the Calcutta Town Hall, where the Boycott Resolution was also passed.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #50
Who started two famous newspapers, 'The Mahratta' (in English) and 'Kesari' (in Marathi), to stimulate national awakening?
A. Lala Lajpat Rai
B. Bipin Chandra Pal
C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak used his nationalist newspapers 'Kesari' (Marathi) and 'The Mahratta' (English) to actively criticize colonial policy and mobilize the public.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #51
The Rowlatt Act, which authorized the British government to imprison individuals for up to two years without trial, was passed in which year?
A. 1919
B. 1917
C. 1920
D. 1918
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, commonly known as the Rowlatt Act, was passed in March 1919 by the Imperial Legislative Council.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #52
Who was elected as the first President of the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) in 1920?
A. Dewan Chaman Lall
B. Narayan Malhar Joshi
C. Joseph Baptista
D. Lala Lajpat Rai
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was formed in Bombay in October 1920, and the eminent nationalist leader Lala Lajpat Rai was chosen as its first president.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #53
The Kakori Train Robbery/Conspiracy case was carried out by the members of which revolutionary organization in August 1925?
A. Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)
B. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)
C. Jugantar Party
D. Anushilan Samiti
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Kakori train action was planned and executed by members of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), including Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, and Chandrashekhar Azad.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #54
Who threw two non-lethal bombs inside the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi on April 8, 1929?
A. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt
B. Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev Thapar
C. Chandrashekhar Azad and Rajguru
D. Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw bombs into the assembly corridors to protest against the Public Safety Bill and Trade Disputes Bill, raising the slogan 'Inquilab Zindabad'.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #55
Who was the main organizer behind the armed raid on the British police armory at Chittagong in April 1930?
A. Surya Sen
B. Rash Behari Bose
C. Jatin Das
D. Bagha Jatin
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Surya Sen (affectionately known as Master-da) was a revolutionary leader who led the famous Chittagong Armoury Raid in 1930 under the banner of the Indian Republican Army.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #56
The system of 'Dyarchy' (dual governance) was introduced at the provincial level in British India by which of the following reforms?
A. Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms 1919
B. Indian Councils Act 1861
C. Morley-Minto Reforms 1909
D. Government of India Act 1935
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) instituted dyarchy in provinces, dividing subjects into 'Transferred' and 'Reserved' categories.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #57
Who was the British Prime Minister who announced the infamous 'Communal Award' in August 1932?
A. Stanley Baldwin
B. Winston Churchill
C. Ramsay MacDonald
D. Neville Chamberlain
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award in 1932, extending separate electorates to the depressed classes, minority communities, and Europeans.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #58
The historic August Offer of 1940, which promised Dominion status after WWII, was issued by which Viceroy?
A. Lord Willingdon
B. Lord Irwin
C. Lord Wavell
D. Lord Linlithgow
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Viceroy Lord Linlithgow presented the 'August Offer' in 1940 to secure Indian cooperation in World War II, offering an expanded executive council and a post-war constituent assembly.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #59
The Cripps Mission visited India in March 1942. Mahatma Gandhi described its proposals as a 'post-dated cheque on a crashing bank'. Who headed this mission?
A. A. V. Alexander
B. John Simon
C. Lord Pethick-Lawrence
D. Sir Stafford Cripps
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The mission was led by Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the British War Cabinet, who brought draft proposals regarding India's constitutional future after the war.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India
Question #60
Who was the founder of the 'Forward Bloc', a nationalist political party formed within the Congress in 1939?
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Acharya Narendra Deva
C. Jayaprakash Narayan
D. Subhas Chandra Bose
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
After resigning from the presidency of the Indian National Congress in 1939 due to ideological rifts, Subhas Chandra Bose established the All India Forward Bloc.
This question belongs to: History GK Modern History of India

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