Identify the correct statement regarding graphite: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Nickel (finely divided) is used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils to saturated fats (vanaspati ghee). The reaction adds H₂ across double bonds. Platinum and palladium are also hydrogenation catalysts but nickel is cheaper and industrially preferred. Fe is used in Haber process for ammonia synthesis, V₂O₅ in contact process for H₂SO₄. Catalysts provide an alternative pathway with lower activation energy.

Explanation:
During the electrolysis of water, reduction occurs at the cathode (negative electrode), where H⁺ ions gain electrons to form hydrogen gas (2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂). Oxidation occurs at the anode, producing oxygen gas. The volume of H₂ collected is exactly twice that of O₂.

Explanation:
Natural gas is a fossil fuel composed primarily of methane (CH4), typically making up 70-90% of its volume. It also contains smaller amounts of ethane, propane, butane, and other heavier hydrocarbons, along with non-hydrocarbon gases like carbon dioxide and nitrogen.