In a nuclear reactor, what is the function of the moderator (like heavy water or graphite)? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

In a nuclear reactor, what is the function of the moderator (like heavy water or graphite)?
A. To act as the nuclear fuel.
B. To transport heat away from the reactor core.
C. To absorb excess neutrons to stop the chain reaction.
D. To slow down the fast-moving neutrons so they can cause further fission.
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Uranium-235 undergoes fission most efficiently when struck by slow-moving (thermal) neutrons. However, fission reactions release very fast-moving neutrons. The moderator (like graphite or heavy water) collides with these fast neutrons to slow them down without absorbing them, sustaining the controlled chain reaction. Control rods (cadmium/boron) are used to absorb excess neutrons.

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Practice More Physics Questions

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The part of the refrigerator that absorbs heat from the interior is
A. Compressor
B. Expansion valve
C. Condenser coils
D. Evaporator coils

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
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This question belongs to: Science Physics
Question #2
The distance traveled by an object is directly obtained from
A. Acceleration-time graph
B. Velocity-time graph area
C. Displacement-time graph slope
D. Speed-time graph slope

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Area under v-t graph gives displacement (distance if velocity doesn't change sign). Slope of x-t gives velocity. Slope of v-t gives acceleration. Area a-t gives change in velocity.

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Question #3
The dimensional formula of torque is the same as that of:
A. Work
B. Power
C. Momentum
D. Force

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Torque τ = r × F, so dimensions [L][MLT⁻²] = [ML²T⁻²]. Work W = F·d, dimensions [MLT⁻²][L] = [ML²T⁻²], identical. Momentum is [MLT⁻¹], force [MLT⁻²], power [ML²T⁻³]. Though torque and work have same dimensions, they are physically distinct: torque is vector (rotational effect), work is scalar (energy transfer). Memory tip: 'Torque and work share [ML²T⁻²]; but torque = rF sinθ, work = Fd cosθ'. This dimensional analysis question tests ability to compare quantities, frequently appearing in competitive exams. Always verify dimensions but remember physical context differs.

This question belongs to: Science Physics