Isobars are atoms of different elements, so they have different atomic numbers (protons). Since mass number is same, number of neutrons also differs. Example: ⁴⁰Ar (Z=18, N=22) and ⁴⁰Ca (Z=20, N=20). Mass number = 40 same. So both atomic number and neutrons differ. Option D is correct as both B and C are true.
Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was historically called muriatic acid or spirits of salt, produced from salt (NaCl) and sulfuric acid. Oil of vitriol is H₂SO₄. Aqua regia is a mixture of 3 parts HCl and 1 part HNO₃. Carbolic acid is phenol. HCl is present in gastric juice and used in metal cleaning and chemical synthesis.
Explanation:
Roasting involves heating sulfide ores in excess air to convert them to oxides and remove sulfur as SO₂. Example: 2ZnS + 3O₂ → 2ZnO + 2SO₂. Calcination is heating in absence of air (for carbonates/hydroxides). Smelting is reduction. Leaching uses chemicals.
Explanation:
Enzymes are complex organic molecules that act as biological catalysts in living organisms. Chemically, most enzymes are globular proteins. They are highly specific to their substrates and work optimally at body temperature and near-neutral pH, unlike many industrial catalysts that require extreme conditions.
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