Profit and Loss MCQs with Answers and Explanations for Competitive Exams

Question #81

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If the cost price of 20 articles is equal to the selling price of 16 articles, what is the profit percentage?

A. 30%

B. 20%

C. 33.33%

D. 25%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Let Cost Price of 1 article = 1. Cost Price of 16 articles = 16. Selling Price of 16 articles = Cost Price of 20 articles = 20. Profit = 20 - 16 = 4. Profit percentage = (4 / 16) * 100 = 25%.

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Question #82

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If the loss is one-fifth of the cost price, what is the loss percentage?

A. 20%

B. 30%

C. 16.67%

D. 25%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Loss = Cost Price / 5. Loss percentage = (Loss / Cost Price) * 100 = (1 / 5) * 100 = 20%.

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Question #83

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If the profit is one-fourth of the selling price, find the true profit percentage on the cost price.

A. 25%

B. 33.33%

C. 40%

D. 20%

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let Selling Price = 100. Profit = 25. Cost Price = 100 - 25 = 75. Profit percentage = (25 / 75) * 100 = 33.33%.

This question belongs to: Maths Profit And Loss

Question #84

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Find the single discount equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 30%.

A. 46%

B. 56%

C. 44%

D. 50%

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Equivalent discount = 20 + 30 - (20 * 30 / 100) = 50 - 6 = 44%.

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Question #85

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An article was sold at a 10% loss. Had it been sold for Rs. 108 more, there would have been an 8% profit. Find the cost price.

A. Rs. 700

B. Rs. 500

C. Rs. 650

D. Rs. 600

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Difference in percentage = 8% - (-10%) = 18%. 18% of Cost Price = 108. Cost Price = (108 / 18) * 100 = 600.

This question belongs to: Maths Profit And Loss

Question #86

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A man sells one-third of his goods at a 15% profit, one-fourth at a 20% profit, and the rest at a 24% profit. What is his overall profit percentage?

A. 22%

B. 20%

C. 18%

D. 21%

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let total goods = 120. Cost Price = 120. Parts are 40, 30, and 50. Profit = (40 * 15%) + (30 * 20%) + (50 * 24%) = 6 + 6 + 12 = 24. Overall profit percentage = (24 / 120) * 100 = 20%.

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Question #87

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A fruit vendor buys 5 apples for Rs. 4 and sells 4 apples for Rs. 5. What is his profit percentage?

A. 40%

B. 50.5%

C. 45%

D. 56.25%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Buy 20 apples for 16. Sell 20 apples for 25. Profit = 25 - 16 = 9. Profit percentage = (9 / 16) * 100 = 56.25%.

This question belongs to: Maths Profit And Loss

Question #88

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A dishonest grocer claims to sell his goods at a 10% profit but uses a weight of 800 grams instead of 1 kg. What is his actual profit percentage?

A. 40%

B. 35%

C. 30%

D. 37.5%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Cost Price of 800g = Rs. 800. Selling Price for 1000g claimed at 10% profit = Rs. 1100. Profit = 1100 - 800 = 300. Actual profit percentage = (300 / 800) * 100 = 37.5%.

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Question #89

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A shopkeeper marks his goods 40% above the cost price and allows a discount of 15%. What is his net profit percentage?

A. 19%

B. 21%

C. 20%

D. 18%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Let Cost Price = 100. Marked Price = 140. Selling Price = 140 * 0.85 = 119. Profit percentage = 19%.

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Question #90

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A sells a bicycle to B at a 20% profit. B sells it to C at a 25% profit. If C pays Rs. 1500, what did A pay for it?

A. Rs. 900

B. Rs. 1100

C. Rs. 1200

D. Rs. 1000

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Let A's Cost Price = X. X * 1.20 * 1.25 = 1500. 1.50 * X = 1500. X = 1000.

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Question #91

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A man buys two items for a total of Rs. 3000. He sells one at a 20% profit and the other at a 10% loss. If he makes no overall profit or loss, what is the cost price of the first item?

A. Rs. 2000

B. Rs. 1000

C. Rs. 1500

D. Rs. 1200

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let Cost Price of first item = x. Cost Price of second = 3000 - x. Profit = 0.20x. Loss = 0.10(3000 - x). 0.20x = 300 - 0.10x. 0.30x = 300. x = 1000.

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Question #92

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A shopkeeper allows a 20% discount on the marked price and still makes a 20% profit. What is the ratio of the marked price to the cost price?

A. 4:3

B. 3:2

C. 5:4

D. 2:1

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Marked Price * 0.80 = Cost Price * 1.20. Marked Price / Cost Price = 1.20 / 0.80 = 1.5 = 3/2. Ratio is 3:2.

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Question #93

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Two watches are sold at the same price. One is sold at a 15% profit and the other at a 15% loss. What is the overall profit or loss percentage?

A. No profit no loss

B. 2.25% loss

C. 2.25% profit

D. 2.5% loss

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Overall loss percentage = (15^2) / 100 = 225 / 100 = 2.25%.

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Question #94

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A man buys an article at a 20% discount on its marked price and sells it at its marked price. What is his profit percentage?

A. 33.33%

B. 25%

C. 20%

D. 30%

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let Marked Price = 100. Cost Price = 80. Selling Price = 100. Profit = 20. Profit percentage = (20 / 80) * 100 = 25%.

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Question #95

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A trader buys two horses for Rs. 19500. He sells one at a 20% loss and the other at a 15% profit. If the selling price of both horses is the same, find the cost price of the horse sold at a loss.

A. Rs. 8000

B. Rs. 11500

C. Rs. 9500

D. Rs. 10000

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let Cost Price 1 = C1 and Cost Price 2 = C2. C1 * 0.80 = C2 * 1.15. C1 / C2 = 1.15 / 0.80 = 115 / 80 = 23 / 16. Total parts = 39. C1 = (23 / 39) * 19500 = 11500.

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Question #96

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If the selling price of an article is increased by 20%, the profit becomes three times the original profit. What was the original profit percentage?

A. 10%

B. 12.5%

C. 15%

D. 11.11%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Let Cost Price = 100 and initial Selling Price = x. Initial profit = x - 100. New Selling Price = 1.20x. New profit = 1.20x - 100. 1.20x - 100 = 3 * (x - 100). 1.20x - 100 = 3x - 300. 1.8x = 200. x = 111.11. Original profit = 11.11. Profit percentage = 11.11%.

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Question #97

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A dealer buys an article at a 20% discount on its marked price. He spends 10% of the cost price on repairs and sells it at a 15% profit on the marked price. Find his total profit percentage.

A. 30.68%

B. 28.5%

C. 32%

D. 25%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Let Marked Price = 100. Buy price = 80. Repairs = 8. Total Cost Price = 88. Selling Price = 115. Profit = 27. Profit percentage = (27 / 88) * 100 = 30.68%.

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Question #98

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A man sells an article at a 10% profit. If he had bought it at 20% less and sold it for Rs. 20 more, his profit would have been 40%. Find the initial cost price.

A. Rs. 900

B. Rs. 1200

C. Rs. 1000

D. Rs. 800

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Let initial Cost Price = 100x. Initial Selling Price = 110x. New Cost Price = 80x. New Selling Price = 80x * 1.40 = 112x. Difference = 112x - 110x = 2x. 2x = 20. x = 10. Initial Cost Price = 100 * 10 = 1000.

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Question #99

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A dishonest dealer cheats by 20% while buying and 20% while selling using false weights. He marks up his goods by 10%. Find his true overall profit percentage.

A. 55%

B. 60%

C. 65%

D. 70%

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Buying cheat: gets 120g for price of 100g (multiplier = 1.2). Selling cheat: gives 80g for price of 100g (multiplier = 1 / 0.8 = 1.25). Markup: 10% (multiplier = 1.1). Total multiplier = 1.2 * 1.25 * 1.1 = 1.65. Profit percentage = 65%.

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Question #100

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A merchant sells two-thirds of his goods at a 6% profit and the rest at a 3% loss. If his overall profit is Rs. 540, what is the total value of the goods?

A. Rs. 18000

B. Rs. 15000

C. Rs. 16000

D. Rs. 20000

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Let total goods value = X. Net profit percentage = (2/3 * 6%) + (1/3 * -3%) = 4% - 1% = 3%. 3% of X = 540. X = (540 / 3) * 100 = 18000.

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