Oxidation is loss of electrons, increase in oxidation number, or gain of oxygen/loss of hydrogen. Reduction is gain of electrons. Mnemonic: OIL RIG (Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain).
Explanation:
While Democritus proposed the philosophical concept of the atom in ancient Greece, John Dalton formulated the first scientifically based atomic theory in 1803. His theory stated that elements are composed of indivisible atoms, atoms of the same element are identical, and compounds form from atoms combining in fixed ratios.
Explanation:
In 1913, Niels Bohr modified Rutherford's model to explain atomic stability and emission spectra. He introduced the concept of quantized electron orbits (or energy levels), stating that electrons revolve in specific, fixed orbits without radiating energy, and they only emit or absorb energy when jumping between these discrete levels.
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