Formula: n = sin[(A+δ_m)/2]/sin(A/2). δ_m depends on prism angle A and refractive index n. Memory tip: 'δ_m increases with A and n; used to measure n'. Optics formula frequently tested in competitive exams.
Torricelli's Law states that the velocity of efflux of a fluid through a sharp-edged hole at the bottom of a tank filled to a depth 'h' is identical to:
A.The velocity of a sound wave in that fluid.
B.The velocity acquired by a freely falling body dropped from height 'h'.
Explanation:
Torricelli's Law is a direct application of Bernoulli's principle. It proves mathematically that the velocity of fluid exiting a small hole (efflux velocity v) is v = sqrt(2gh). This is exactly the same velocity a solid body would acquire if it fell freely under gravity from rest over the same vertical height 'h'.
Explanation:
Magnetic dipole moment M = Current(I) * Area(A). Current is charge/time: I = e / T. Time period T = 2pir / v. So I = ev / (2pir). The area of the circular orbit is A = pir^2. Therefore, M = [ev / (2pir)] * [pir^2] = evr / 2. This is a standard derivation in modern physics.
Explanation:
Graphite, heavy water (D₂O), beryllium are moderators. Cadmium and boron are control rods (absorb neutrons). Uranium is fuel. Moderator slows neutrons.
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