Radioactive decay is a first-order process because the rate of decay is proportional to the number of radioactive nuclei present. Half-life is constant, independent of initial amount.
Explanation:
Hydration of cement is exothermic (heat of hydration). In large concrete pours, this heat can cause thermal cracking. Cooling is sometimes needed.
Explanation:
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂↑. Magnesium displaces hydrogen from acid. This is a single displacement and redox reaction. Copper does not react similarly.
Explanation:
John Dalton formulated the law of multiple proportions: If two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in ratios of small whole numbers. Lavoisier gave law of conservation of mass. Proust gave law of definite proportions. Dalton's atomic theory explained these laws.
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