Statements: 1. All cars are vehicles. 2. Some vehicles are not machines. Conclusions: I. Some cars are not machines. II. All vehicles are cars. Which conclusion(s) logically follow? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Statements:
1. All cars are vehicles.
2. Some vehicles are not machines.
Conclusions:
I. Some cars are not machines.
II. All vehicles are cars.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Neither I nor II follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Only conclusion I follows
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
We know all cars are vehicles, but the vehicles that are not machines might be entirely outside the 'cars' circle. Therefore, Conclusion I is not definite. Conclusion II is a reverse of an 'All' statement, which is generally invalid. Neither follows.
Statement: The government run company had asked its employees to declare their income and assets but it has been strongly resisted by employees union and no employee is going to declare his income.
Conclusions:
I. The employees of this company do not seem to have any additional undisclosed income besides their salary.
II. The employee's union wants all senior officers to declare their income first.
Explanation:
Conclusion I follows because strong resistance to declaring income may indicate they have nothing to hide and are protesting on principle. Conclusion II is not mentioned in the statement.
Statements:
1. All men are mortal.
2. Socrates is a man.
Conclusions:
I. Socrates is mortal.
II. All mortals are men.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
Explanation:
Since Socrates falls within the category of 'man', and the entire category of 'man' falls within 'mortal', Socrates must be mortal (I follows). Not all mortals are men (e.g., animals), which makes II false.
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