Statements: 1. Some scientists are philosophers. 2. All philosophers are writers. Conclusions: I. Some writers are scientists. II. All scientists are writers. Which conclusion(s) logically follow? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Statements:
1. Some scientists are philosophers.
2. All philosophers are writers.
Conclusions:
I. Some writers are scientists.
II. All scientists are writers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?
A. Both I and II follow
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Only conclusion I follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The scientists who are philosophers must also be writers because all philosophers are writers. Therefore, some writers are scientists (Conclusion I). We cannot say all scientists are writers based on the given premises (Conclusion II).
Explanation:
When there are two negative statements, no definitive positive or negative relationship can be established between the subject of the first and the predicate of the second (cat and rat). Since I and II form a complementary pair covering all possibilities, either I or II must be true.
Statement: The Official Secrets Act (O.S.A.) enacted by the XYZ government during the war seems to be the source of much corruption in the country 'P'.
Conclusions:
I. The Official Secrets Act has to be abolished, immediately to stop corruption in country 'P'.
II. The XYZ government wanted to encourage corruption in the government offices.
Explanation:
Conclusion I follows: if the Act is a source of corruption, abolishing it could stop corruption. Conclusion II does not follow; the Act was enacted during war for secrecy, not to promote corruption.
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